The Aga Khan Education Service (AKES), Pakistan provides more than 9,000 students aged two to five years with access to quality early childhood programmes and services, through over 144 pre-primary units in Sindh and the remote areas of Gilgit-Baltistan and Chitral.

The programmes adhere to the national curriculum of Pakistan and adopt the international HighScope approach in their daily routines. Five main curriculum areas guide teachers in supporting their students' development and extending their learning in a child-directed environment. This internationally-recognised early years approach is founded on child development theory. Children are guided to develop skills in:

• approaches to learning;


• language, literacy and communication (English and Urdu);


• social and emotional development;


• physical development, well-being and health; and


• arts, mathematics and sciences.

Emphasis is placed on the professional development of teachers. Every new teacher completes a foundation course that focuses on ECD, pedagogy and ECD curriculum content. In addition, ongoing professional development courses support continued learning and skills improvement. These courses focus on the integration of core competencies of language and literacy (English and Urdu) and numeracy into the daily routine of the classroom. Teachers are also trained to help families manage transitions as children progress from one level to another.

Teachers make special efforts to integrate areas of the curriculum and include materials and resources from local contexts. While basic learning materials are provided, teachers create their own low-cost and no-cost materials. Teachers are also trained to enrich the curriculum by integrating local culture and traditions into their practice.

The Foundations for Health and Empowerment programme aims to enhance equitable development and the empowerment of women, girls, adolescents, their families and communities in select areas of Africa and Asia. It is funded by Global Affairs Canada and AKF Canada, and incorporates an ECD element, Foundations for Children.

Several AKDN agencies are synergising their efforts to increase the number of children from birth to six years and parents/caregivers who are accessing quality ECD provision in homes, communities, and education and health centres. They aim to increase the engagement of families and communities in responsive, nurturing care and stimulation of children, and meeting health, nutritional, security and safety needs. The programme is gender-responsive, laying the foundation for girls to succeed alongside boys, who value and benefit from gender equality. It is increasing the availability of new resources and services such as ECD Resource Centres and Family Health Centres. It also enhances the knowledge and skills and influences the attitudes and values of ECD and health workers and other community members.